Efficiency of the Education System (Primary, Secondary and Tertiary) in Particular Voivodeships of Poland
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2022-2-14Keywords:
efficiency, lower education, primary education, secondary education, tertiary education, higher education, DEA method, labour market, voivodeship, PolandAbstract
The reform of the Polish education system (both lower and higher education) that was carried out in recent years has shown the need to improve the efficiency of schools. Therefore, it is reasonable to analyse and evaluate the efficiency of educational centres before implementing reforms. Educational units influence the development of human capital, which should translate into an increase in the wealth of a given region. To our knowledge, there is a lack of research on the technical efficiency of the primary, secondary and tertiary education systems in particular Polish voivodeships. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to present the results of studies on the efficiency of the three levels of the Polish education sector in 2016. The non-radial Slack-Based Directional Distance Function (SBDDF) model, which belongs to the nonparametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method, was used to test the efficiency. The number of teachers employed in particular voivodeships, as well as the number of schools and universities were assumed as inputs. The number of pupils and students was assumed as outputs. We hypothesise that there is a positive correlation between the efficiency of the education system and the labour market economic indicators in the province. The hypothesis was verified positively as the findings showed that the higher the education system efficiency indicator in a given voivodeship, the greater the number of the SME sector companies per 10,000 inhabitants, the higher the gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and the lower the percentage of the unemployed in the region. The study results may be of use to various groups of stakeholders, in particular, employees of ministries responsible for the functioning of primary, secondary and tertiary education.
References
Baran, J., Pietrzak, M. & Pietrzak, P. (2015). Efficiency public higher education institutions. Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne [Optimum. Economic Studies], 4(76), 169–185. DOI: 10.15290/ose.2015.04.76.11 (In Polish)
Brzezicki, Ł. (2017). Efficiency of didactic activities in higher education. Wiadomości Statystyczne [The Polish Statistician], 11(678), 56–73. (In Polish)
Brzezicki, Ł. (2020a). A review of research on the efficiency and productivity of Polish higher education conducted DEA and the Malmquista Index. Ekonomia — Wroclaw Economic Review, 26(2), 19–41. DOI: 10.19195/2084–4093.26.2.2 (In Polish)
Brzezicki, Ł. (2020b). The use of the DEA method to measure the efficiency of high schools in Szczecin. Studia i Materiały, 2(33), 18–31. DOI: 10.7172/1733–9758.2020.33.2 (In Polish)
Chambers, R .G. Chung, Y. & Färe, R. (1998). Profit, directional distance functions, and Nerlovian efficiency. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 98, 351–364. DOI: 10.1023/A:1022637501082.
Chambers, R. G., Chung Y. & Färe, R. (1996), Benefit and Distance Functions. Journal of Economic Theory, 70, 407–419. DOI: 10.1006/jeth.1996.0096.
Charnes, A., Cooper, W. W. & Rhodes, E. (1978). Measuring the efficiency of decision making units. European Journal of Operational Research, 2, 429–444. DOI: 10.1016/0377–2217(78)90138–8.
Cooper, W. W., Seiford, L. M. & Tone, K. (2007). Data Envelopment Analysis: a comprehensive text with models, applications, references and DEA-Solver software. New York: Springer, 490.
Ćwiąkała-Małys, A. & Łagowski, P. (2017). Academic Advancement Efficiency Measurement in Polish Universities Including a Division into Voivodships. Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i prognozy [Regional Barometer. Analyses & Prognoses], 15(2), 137–146.
Denek, K. (1997). Efficiency of school education. Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Pedagogicznej w Bydgoszczy. Studia Pedagogiczne [Scientific Journals of the Pedagogical University in Bydgoszcz. Pedagogical studies], 30, 91–106. (In Polish)
Färe, R. & Grosskopf, S. (2010a). Directional distance functions and slacks-based measures of efficiency. European Journal of Operational Research, 200, 320–322. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2009.01.031.
Färe, R. & Grosskopf, S. (2010b). Directional distance functions and slacks-based measures of efficiency: Some clarifications. European Journal of Operational Research, 206, 702. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2010.02.033.
Färe, R. & Grosskopf, S. (2000). Theory and Application of Directional Distance Functions. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 13, 93–103. DOI: 10.1023/A:1007844628920.
Färe, R. & Primont, D. (2006). Directional duality theory. Economic Theory, 29, 239–247. DOI: 10.1007/s00199–005–0008-z.
Halkiotis, D., Konteles, I. & Brinia, V. (2018). The Technical Efficiency of High Schools: The Case of a Greek Prefecture. Education Sciences, 8(84), 1–16.
Kaczyńska, A. (2016). The efficiency of public spending on primary education in the Greater Poland Voivodeship. The Business and Management Review, 7(5), 449–456.
Karbownik, B. & Kula, G. (2009). Efektywność sektora publicznego na poziomie samorządu lokalnego [Efficiency of the public sector at the local government level]. Materiały i Studia No. 242, Warszawa: NBP. (In Polish)
Kucharski, A. (2014). Evaluation of the efficiency of using human resources by Polish colleges in the regional presentation. Przedsiębiorczość i Zarządzanie [Entrepreneurship and Management], 15(10), 243–258. (In Polish)
Luenberger, D. (1992a). Benefit functions and duality. Journal of Mathematical Economics, 21, 461–481. DOI: 10.1016/0304–4068(92)90035–6.
Luenberger, D. (1992b). New optimality principles for economic efficiency and equilibrium. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 75(2), 221–264. DOI: 10.1007/BF00941466.
Luenberger, D. (1995). Microeconomic Theory. Boston: McGraw Hill, 496.
Osińska, M. (2012). Application of the CCR-DEA model to the assessment of the effectiveness of higher education in Poland. Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny [Poznań Journal of Law, Economics and Sociology], 4(74), 181–201. DOI: 10.14746/rpeis.2012.74.4.13 (In Polish)
Pietrzak, P. (2016). Efektywność funkcjonowania publicznych szkół wyższych w Polsce [Efficiency of functioning of public higher schools in Poland]. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie, 189. (In Polish)
Salmi, J. (2015). Evidence-Based Policies in Higher Education: Data Analytics, Impact Assessment and Reporting [Overview Paper]. In: A. Curaj, L. Matei, R. Pricopie, J. Salmi, P. Scott (Eds.), The European Higher Education Area. Between Critical Reflections and Future Policies (pp. 807–813). Cham: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978–3-319–20877–0_49.
Shephard, R. W. (1953). Cost and Production Functions. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 322.
Shephard, R. W. (1970). Theory of Cost and Production Functions. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 308.
Sotiriadis, D., Menexes, G. & Tsamadias, C. (2018). Investigating the Efficiency of Senior Secondary Schools: Evidence from Schools in the Greek region of Central Macedonia. International Journal of Business and Economic Sciences Applied Research, 11(2), 36–43.
Tone, K. (2001). A slacks-based measure of efficiency in data envelopment analysis. European Journal of Operational Research, 130, 498–509. DOI: 10.1016/S0377–2217(99)00407–5.
Wojnarowski, K. (2019). European NUTS classification and its significance for the Mazowieckie Voivodship. MAZOWSZE. Studia Regionalne [Mazovia: Regional Studies], 28, 49–58. DOI: 10.21858/msr.28.03 (In Polish)
Wolszczak-Derlacz, J. (2013). Efektywność naukowa, dydaktyczna i wdrożeniowa publicznych szkół wyższych w Polsce [Scientific, didactic and implementation efficiency of public universities in Poland]. Gdańsk: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Gdańskiej, 190. (In Polish)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Łukasz Brzezicki, Piotr Pietrzak, Małgorzata Cieciora
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
