Environmental Challenges in Regions: Analysis and Measures to Reduce Potential Risks
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2021-1-19Keywords:
environmental challenges and threats, regional economy, environmental strategy, green economy, regions with new economic activities, ecological compatibility of industries, synergistic effect of pollution, additivity of the interaction of harmful substancesAbstract
The environmental deterioration in Russia requires the identification and analysis of the main challenges facing the country and its individual regions in this sphere. Additionally, it is necessary to find ways to overcome these problems. The issue is particularly relevant for resource regions where new economic activities develop. the Lower Angara region in Krasnoyarsk krai is one of such regions. The study considers the environmental problems in connection with the socio-economic conditions of a particular territory. I used the method of economic and mathematical modelling based on the author's models for optimising environmental protection measures. The research combines the obtained results to built a comprehensive model of the future ecological situation that may develop in the region. The analysis discovered various causes of environmental challenges. The first reason is planning exxessive output at individual facilities. In particular, calculations have shown that in the conditions of the Lower Angara region, the unit capacity of the pulp and paper industry should not exceed 300-350 thousand tonnes (instead of the planned 720 thousand tonnes); the capacity of the aluminum plant should not exceed 200-250 thousand tonnes (instead of 600 thousand tonnes). Second, an excessive concentration of production in certain areas (primarily, in Boguchansky and Kodinsky industrial hubs) increases the environmental burden. Third, pollution control is complicated by unique production capacities of various facilities that require special purification systems. The fourth reason is the effects of synergism and additivity of contaminants. The fifth cause is the actual and potential negative consequences of the construction of hydropower plants on the Angara and Yenisei rivers. The results of this research can be used for creating a strategy for the integrated development of territorial economic systems to organise environmental protection activities and substantiate management decisions at the regional and local levels of governance.References
CEB. (2015). Addressing Environmental Challenges and their Social Implications in Europe. CEB, 122.
Laladhas, K. P., Nilayangode, P. & Oommen, V. (Eds.). (2017). Biodiversity for Sustainable Development. Environmental Challenges and Solutions, 3. Springer, 322. DOI: 10.1007/978–3-319–42162–9_19.
Environmental challenges in a global context. (2010). The European environment — state and outlook: synthesis (pp. 129–149). Luxemburg: EEA.
Matson, P. (2001). Environmental Challenges for the Twenty-First Century: Interacting Challenges and Integrative Solutions. Ecology Law Quarterly, 27(4), 1179–1190.
Tedsen, E. R. & Kraemer, A. (2015). Regional Environmental Challenges and Solutions in the Pan-Atlantic Space. Atlantic future scientific. Paper no. 32. Berlin, 39.
Burmatova, O. P. (2019). Environmental challenges in resource regions of new development. In: Institutsionalnaya transformatsiya ekonomiki. Resursy i instituty: mat-ly 6-y mezhdunar. nauch. konf. [Institutional transformation of the economy: resources and institutions. Conference proceedings of the VI International Scientific Conference] (pp. 21–22). Krasnoyarsk: Siberian Federal University, 2019. 21–22. (In Russ).
Burmatova, O. P. (2018). Public Environmental management in regions of Russia. In: A. S. Novoselov, V. E. Seliverstov (Eds.), Strategic management of regional and municipal development (pp. 402–462). Novosibirsk: IEIE SB RAS. (In Russ).
Blokov, I. P. (2018). Okruzhayushchaya sreda i ee okhrana v Rossii. Izmeneniya za 25 let [Environment and its protection in Russia. Changes over 25 years]. Moscow: Greenpeace, 422. (In Russ).
Fomenko, G. A. (2010). Prirodookhrannye instituty v sovremennoy Rossii [Environmental institutions in modern Russia]. Moscow, Nauka. 447. (In Russ).
Churzina, I. V. (2017). Tax instruments in the system of state innovation management. In: Gosudarstvennoe upravlenie Rossiyskoy Federatsii. Vyzovy i perspektivy. Mat-ly 13-y mezhdunar. konf. [Proceeding of the 13th International Conference «Public Administration of the Russian Federation: Challenges and Prospects»] (pp. 93–101). Moscow: “KDU”, “University Book”. (In Russ).
Veselova, K. A. (2010). Best available technologies: implementation of an integrated approach. Ekologiya proizvodstva [Industrial production], 12, 88–90. (In Russ).
Guseva, T. V., Begak, M. V., Molchanova, Yu. P. & Mironov, A. V. (2015). The best available technologies as an instrument of industrial and environmental policy. Vestnik RKHTU im. D. I. Mendeleeva. Gumanitarnye i sotsialno-ekonomicheskie issledovaniya, 2(6), 64–78. (In Russ).
Gontar, Z. H. (Eds.). (2018). Smart Grid Analytics for Sustainability and Urbanization. Hershey: IGI Global, 306. DOI: 10.4018/978–1-5225–3996–4.ch002.
Burmatova, O. P. (2013). Clean Production in the Context of Innovation Based Development. Regional Research of Russia, 3(4), 465–472. DOI: 10.1134/S2079970514010031.
Kuleshov, V. V. & Bandman, M. K. (1990). Metodicheskie ukazaniya po razrabotke Gosudarstvennoy programmy osvoeniya Nizhnego Priangarya na period do 2005 g. V 2-kh chastyakh [Guidelines for the development of the State program for the development of the Lower Angara region until 2005. In 2 parts]. Novosibirsk: IEOPP SB AS USSR, (Part 1) 70, (Part 2) 48. (In Russ).
IEOPP SB RAS. (1996). Nizhnee Priangare. Logika razrabotki i osnovnye polozheniya kontseptsii programmy osvoeniya regiona [Lower Angara region: logic of elaboration and main propositions of development programme]. Novosibirsk: IEOPP SB RAS, 231. (In Russ).
Burmatova, O. P. (2015). Model for choosing economic solutions in the region taking into account their environmental impact. In: A. S. Novoselov, V. E. Seliverstov (Eds.), Problemy innovatsionnogo upravleniya ekonomikoy regionov Sibiri [Problems of innovative management of the economies of the regions of Siberia] (pp. 270–282). Novosibirsk: IEIE SB RAS. (In Russ).
Burmatova O.P. (2018). Strategic developments in new settlement regions. Aktualnye problemy ekonomiki i prava [Actual problems of economics and law], 12(2), 221–240. DOI: 10.21202/1993–047X.12.2018.2.221–240. (In Russ).
Skhema kompleksnogo ispolzovaniya i okhrany vodnykh obektov po basseynu reki Angara. V 6-ti kn. Kn. 2. Otsenka ekologicheskogo sostoyaniya i klyuchevye problemy vodnykh obektov basseyna reki Angara [Scheme of the integrated use and protection of water bodies in the Angara basin. In 6 books. Book 2. Assessment of the ecological state and key problems of water bodies in the Angara basin]. (2008). Krasnoyarsk: KROMAEP, 139. (In Russ).
Belkina, S. V. (2007). Prognozirovanie sinergizma mutagennykh, kantserogennykh i letalnykh effektov pri vzaimodeystvii razlichnykh faktorov okruzhayushchey sredy: diss. … kand. biol. nauk [Prediction of synergism of mutagenic, carcinogenic and lethal effects in the interaction of various environmental factors. Thesis for Cand. Sci. (Bio.)]. Obninsk, 163. (In Russ).
Lystsov, V. N. & Skotnikova, O. G. (1991). On the possibility of mutually reinforcing the harmful effects of environmental polluting agents. Zhurnal Vsesoyuznogo khimicheskogo obshchestva im. D. I. Mendeleeva, 1, 61–65. (In Russ).
Petin, V. G. & Synzynys, B. I. (1998). Kombinirovannoe deystvie faktorov okruzhayushchey sredy na biologicheskie sistemy [The combined effect of environmental factors on biological systems]. Obninsk: IATE. 73. (In Russ).
Mauderly, J. L. & Samet, J. M. (2009). Is There Evidence for Synergy Among Air Pollutants in Causing Health Effects? Environmental Health Perspectives, 117(1), 1–6.
Wu, D., Ma, X., & Zhang, S. (2018). Integrating synergistic effects of air pollution control technologies: More cost-effective approach in the coal-fired sector in China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 199, 1035–1042.
Bandoli, G., von Ehrenstein, O., Ghosh, J. K. & Ritz, B. (2016). Synergistic effects of air pollution and psychosocial stressors on adolescent lung function. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 138(3), 918–920. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.04.012.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Olga P. Burmatova
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
