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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><issn publication-format="print">2072-6414</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-1406</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17059/ekon.reg.2024-3-20</article-id><title-group xml:lang="en"><article-title>Impact of Fiscal Capacity on the Convergence of Income Inequality in Russian Regions</article-title></title-group><title-group xml:lang="ru"><article-title>Влияние бюджетной обеспеченности на конвергенцию неравенства доходов в российских регионах</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2126-8394</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gasanov </surname><given-names>Oscar S. </given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гасанов </surname><given-names>Оскар Сейфуллович </given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>osgas@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Don State Technical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Донской государственный технический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-30" publication-format="electronic"/><volume>20</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>916</fpage><lpage>929</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-04-07"/><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-06-20"/></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright © 2024 Oscar S. Gasanov</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright © 2024 Оскар Сейфуллович Гасанов</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Oscar S. Gasanov</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Оскар Сейфуллович Гасанов</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read/><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>CC BY 4.0</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="html" mimetype="text/html" xlink:title="article webpage" xlink:href="https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/view/535">https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/view/535</self-uri><self-uri content-type="pdf" mimetype="application/pdf" xlink:title="article pdf" xlink:href="https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/download/535/343">https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/download/535/343</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>At the regional level, the issue of income inequality in Russia remains relevant. Numerous studies on this topic do not fully reflect the efforts to overcome this problem in the context of budgetary policy. Meanwhile, monetary income of the population is greatly affected by budget support measures for regions. In this regard, it is necessary to assess the impact of fiscal capacity of regional budgets on the convergence of income inequality. In particular, the study examines the convergence of income inequality among the population of the Southern Federal District (SFD) of the Russian Federation. According to the hypothesis, fiscal expenditures per capita are one of the most important factors in the convergence of incomes at the regional level. The presence of unconditional and conditional convergence of income inequality for the period 2012–2021 was tested using the least squares method. Panel data with a one-period lag were assessed. Data of the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia on income inequality (the Gini index) and implementation of regional budgets in the Southern Federal District were used for modelling. The results indicate the presence of both unconditional and conditional convergence of income inequality in regions of the Southern Federal District. Two factors of fiscal capacity of regions were used for assessing the conditional convergence: estimated fiscal capacity and specific fiscal expenditures per capita of regions. It was established that the policy of budget equalisation of incomes remains a reliable tool for overcoming inequality in Russian regions. The findings can be used to solve the problems of regional inequality, implement fiscal federalism, plan budget expenditures for federal and regional budgets, as well as inter-budget transfers.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Проблема неравенства доходов населения России в региональном разрезе сохраняет актуальность. Несмотря на наличие большого количества исследований по данной теме, они не в полной мере отражают усилия, которые реализуются для преодоления данной проблемы в контексте бюджетной политики. При этом значительное влияние на формирование денежных доходов населения оказывают меры бюджетной поддержки регионов. В связи с этим актуальна оценка влияния обеспеченности региональных бюджетов финансовыми ресурсами на конвергенцию неравенства денежных доходов населения. Предметом исследования является конвергенция неравенства денежных доходов населения в субъектах Южного федерального округа (ЮФО) Российской Федерации. Согласно нашей гипотезе, обеспеченность бюджетными расходами на душу населения является одним из существенных факторов конвергенции денежных доходов в регионах. В статье тестируется наличие безусловной и условной конвергенции неравенства денежных доходов методом наименьших квадратов за период 2012–2021 гг. Оценка проведена на панельных данных с применением эффекта времени. В ходе моделирования использованы данные Росстата о неравенстве доходов (индекс Джини) и исполнении региональных бюджетов субъектов ЮФО. Результаты свидетельствуют о наличии как безусловной, так и условной конвергенции неравенства денежных доходов населения в регионах ЮФО. Оценка условной конвергенции проведена с использованием двух факторов бюджетной обеспеченности регионов: расчетной бюджетной обеспеченности и удельной обеспеченности регионов бюджетными расходами на душу населения. Установлено, что политика бюджетного выравнивания денежных доходов населения остается надежным инструментом преодоления неравенства в регионах России. Результаты исследования имеют практическую ценность в преодолении проблем регионального неравенства, реализации бюджетного федерализма, при планировании бюджетных расходов федерального и региональных бюджетов, а также межбюджетных трансфертов.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Southern Federal District, Russian regions, income inequality, Gini index, unconditional convergence, conditional convergence, fiscal capacity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Южный федеральный округ, регионы России, неравенство доходов, индекс Джини, безусловная конвергенция, условная конвергенция, бюджетная обеспеченность</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><ref id="en-ref1"><label>1</label><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aiyar, S., &amp; Ebeke, C. (2020). Inequality of opportunity, inequality of income and economic growth. 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