2072-64142411-1406

10.17059/ekon.reg.2026-3-11

Driving Forces, Constraints, and Optimization Pathways in China-Russia Green Cooperation

Движущие силы, ограничения и пути оптимизации китайско-российского сотрудничества в сфере зелёной экономики

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0179-4146

Guo

Xiaoqiong

Го

Сяоцюн

guoxq@cass.org.cn

University of Chinese Academy of Social SciencesУниверситет Китайской академии общественных наук

29092026

2236266380902202603072026

2026

Xiaoqiong Guo

Сяоцюн Го

CC BY 4.0

https://economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/view/1504

https://economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/download/1504/1557

Amid the accelerating global low-carbon transition and a shifting geopolitical landscape, China and Russia face growing incentives to deepen green cooperation. However, empirical research on the drivers and constraints shaping bilateral cooperation remains limited. This study applies the Driving Forces-Resistance framework to examine the dynamics of China-Russia green cooperation through textual analysis, comparative assessment, and case studies of the Tianwan and Xudabao nuclear power plants and the China-Russia Eastern Route Gas Pipeline. Drawing on bilateral policy documents from 2006 to 2025 and data from the WIPO Global Innovation Index 2025, the study identifies four key driving forces: strategic consensus, economic complementarity, shared interests in global climate governance, and multi-level cooperation mechanisms. It also identifies three major constraints: structural, institutional, and technical and financial. Structural constraints are reflected in Russia’s continued dependence on oil and gas revenues, while institutional constraints arise from differences in technical standards and certification systems. Technical and financial constraints are associated with disparities in innovation capacity and limited access to green financing. Based on these findings, the study proposes a phased set of policy measures, including mutual recognition of green technology standards, a green cooperation sub-fund, a Far East green project matching platform, and joint green technology laboratories. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the factors shaping China-Russia green cooperation and provide targeted theoretical and policy insights for its further development under the Green Belt and Road framework.

По мере ускорения глобального перехода к низкоуглеродной экономике и меняющейся геополитической обстановки у Китая и России появляется всё больше стимулов к углублению сотрудничества в зелёной сфере. Вместе с тем эмпирических исследований, посвящённых факторам, способствующим и препятствующим такому сотрудничеству, пока немного. В настоящей работе для анализа динамики китайско-российского зелёного сотрудничества применяется теоретическая модель «Движущие силы — Сопротивление»; используются методы текстового анализа, сравнительной оценки, а также рассматриваются кейсы Тяньваньской АЭС и АЭС «Сюйдапу» и газопровода «Сила Сибири» (китайско-российский газопровод по восточному маршруту). На основе анализа двусторонних политических документов за 2006–2025 гг. и данных Глобального инновационного индекса Всемирной организации интеллектуальной собственности за 2025 г. выделены четыре ключевые движущие силы: стратегический консенсус, экономическая взаимодополняемость, общие интересы в области глобального климатического управления и многоуровневые механизмы сотрудничества. Также определены три основных вида ограничений — структурные, институциональные и технико-финансовые. Структурные ограничения связаны с сохраняющейся зависимостью российской экономики от доходов от экспорта нефтепродуктов; институциональные обусловлены различиями в технических стандартах и системах сертификации; технико-финансовые — разрывом в инновационном потенциале и недостаточным доступом к зелёному финансированию. С учётом полученных результатов предложен поэтапный комплекс мер, включающий взаимное признание стандартов зелёных технологий, создание субфонда зелёного сотрудничества, платформы для сопряжения зелёных проектов на Дальнем Востоке и совместных лабораторий зелёных технологий. Результаты исследования углубляют понимание факторов, определяющих китайско-российское зелёное сотрудничество, а также задают практические и теоретические ориентиры для его дальнейшего развития в рамках экологического компонента инициативы «Один пояс, один путь».

China-Russia green cooperationDriving Forces-Resistance TheoryGreen Belt and Road Initiativesustainable developmentenergy transitiongreen finance

китайско-российское зелёное сотрудничествотеория «Движущие силы — Сопротивление»зелёная со-ставляющая инициативы «Один пояс, один путь»устойчивое развитиеэнергетический переходзелёное финансирование

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