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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><issn publication-format="print">2072-6414</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-1406</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17059/ekon.reg.2025-4-1</article-id><title-group xml:lang="en"><article-title>Assessment of Self-Development of Russian Regions as a Measure  of Sustainability</article-title></title-group><title-group xml:lang="ru"><article-title>Оценка саморазвития регионов России как разновидность измерения устойчивости</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5546-8127</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharchuk </surname><given-names>Ekaterina A. </given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарчук</surname><given-names>Екатерина Александровна </given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>zakharchuk.ea@uiec.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5186-4130</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pasynkov </surname><given-names>Aleksey F. </given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пасынков</surname><given-names>Алексей Федорович </given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>pasynkov.af@uiec.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт экономики УрО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-01" publication-format="electronic"/><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>915</fpage><lpage>929</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-11"/><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-07-21"/></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright © 2025 Ekaterina A.  Zakharchuk, Aleksey F.  Pasynkov</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright © 2025 Екатерина Александровна  Захарчук, Алексей Федорович  Пасынков</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ekaterina A.  Zakharchuk, Aleksey F.  Pasynkov</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Екатерина Александровна  Захарчук, Алексей Федорович  Пасынков</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read/><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="html" mimetype="text/html" xlink:title="article webpage" xlink:href="https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/view/1280">https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/view/1280</self-uri><self-uri content-type="pdf" mimetype="application/pdf" xlink:title="article pdf" xlink:href="https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/download/1280/475">https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/download/1280/475</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The sustainability of regional development can be approached from multiple perspectives, yet existing methods often provide limited insight into long-term trends. This study aims to analyse the development dynamics of Russian regions using the theory of self-development and to identify the main factors contributing to their sustainability. The hypothesis is that studying the relationship between GRP growth rates and the financial and tax balance can provide key insights into the stability or instability of regional development. Two criteria of self-development were assessed for all Russian regions over the past 23 years: GRP dynamics and the balance of income and expenditure in the public sector (financial and tax balance). Analysis of GRP growth rates showed that only 14 regions experienced significant growth (over 1 %), while 22 regions exhibited declines of less than -1 %. Examination of the financial and tax balance revealed abnormal income withdrawal in 12 regions, whereas 17 regions recorded the opposite pattern.By combining the dynamics of GRP and financial and tax balances, regions were classified into four subgroups: self-developing (18 regions), developing (19), financially stable (19), and underdeveloped (29). Self-developing regions are primarily located in the Central, Northwestern, and Volga Federal Districts (four regions each), while developing regions are concentrated in the North Caucasus (six regions). Financially stable regions are evenly distributed across the Central, Volga, and Ural Federal Districts, and underdeveloped regions are most prevalent in the Far East. The study considers regional development through the lens of federal districts and draws conclusions regarding the sources and factors of territorial self-development. Ten regions across different federal districts are shown to be exemplars of self-development.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Устойчивость развития социально-экономических систем рассматривается с различных точек зрения, в то же время, существующие подходы зачастую малоинформативны при оценке долгосрочных тенденций. Поэтому целью данного исследования является выделение динамики развития регионов РФ с использованием теории саморазвития и определение основных факторов их устойчивости. Гипотеза заключается в том, что при исследовании динамики соотношения темпов роста валового регионального продукта и финансово-налогового баланса регионов РФ возможно определить основные параметры устойчивости/неустойчивости развития территорий. В исследовании проведена оценка двух критериев саморазвития по всем регионам России: динамики валового регионального продукта и баланса доходов и расходов государственного сектора (финансово -налоговый баланс) за последние 23 года. Расчеты по темпам изменения ВРП показали, что значительный рост (более 1 %) наблюдался всего в 14 регионах, а ниже, чем -1 %, — в 22 регионах. Расчет финансово-налогового баланса выявил, что аномальное изъятие доходов у регионов наблюдаются в 12 территориях, обратная ситуация зафиксирована в 17 регионах. Сложив итоговые значения по динамике ВРП и финансово-налоговому балансу регионов Российской Федерации, мы сгруппировали территории в четыре подгруппы: саморазвивающиеся (18 регионов), развивающиеся (19), финасово–устойчивые (19) и слаборазвитые (29). Наибольшее количество саморазвивающихся регионов расположено в Центральном, Северо-Западном и Приволжском федеральных округах (по 4 региона), развивающихся — в Северо-Кавказском (6), финасово — устойчивые равномерно распределены между Центральным, Приволжским и Уральским, а наибольшая концентрация слаборазвитых наблюдается в Дальневосточном. Рассмотрены особенности развития отдельных регионов через призму федеральных округов, сделаны общие выводы по источникам и факторам саморазвития территорий. Авторами выделено, что эталоном саморазвития регионов можно признать десять регионов из разных федеральных округов.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sustainable development</kwd><kwd>self-development of regions</kwd><kwd>gross regional product</kwd><kwd>financial and tax balance</kwd><kwd>federal district</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>устойчивое развитие</kwd><kwd>саморазвитие регионов</kwd><kwd>валовой региональный продукт</kwd><kwd>финансово-налоговый баланс</kwd><kwd>федеральный округ</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body/><back><ack xml:lang="en"><p>The article was completed as part of a state assignment to the Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences for 2025</p></ack><ack xml:lang="ru"><p>Статья выполнена в рамках государственного задания для Института экономики УрО РАН на 2025 г.</p></ack><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Генералов, Д. 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